Blog Update

Coombs, Debora . “North Adams Public Library.” Debora Coombs stained glass. Accessed October 15, 2017. http://coombscriddle.com/artwork/2437806_North_Adams_Public_Library.html.

Susannah and I are making steady progress toward our final goal.  We took a trip to the local library last week and found some promising sources on a few prominent Irish immigrants to the area during the late 1800s.  We are also starting to create our pages for our project site and are currently figuring out where we want what information to go where.  We plan on going back to the library either this week or next week to try and find more primary sources.  We are also still adding information to our google map and our timeline to make them as full as possible because we want them to be a sort of center point on our project site.  They are some of the most visual pieces and are also our most interactive elements of the project so people will most likely gravitate to them first, so we want them to be the best they can possibly be.

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Archives and the Art of Digging

Today (and the past few days, really) were spent with primary and secondary sources. On Thursday Liz and I paid a visit to the Blue Ridge Parkway archives on Riceville Road. I found some reports on visitor usage of the Parkway, including recreational, non-recreational, and overnight. Liz and I also found some correspondences on land acquisition. Apparently selling land to the Parkway was…. not usually by choice in North Carolina. If a landowner refused to sell the state would “condemn” the property, which means the owner would still get money for the land, but they were forced to evacuate it as they could not live on condemned property. It was a pretty messed up way to go about it, but there you have it. This wasn’t always the case but it did happen sometimes.

I also purchased a copy of Anne Whisnant’s book, Super Scenic Motorway: A Blue Ridge Parkway History. I knew it would be invaluable, but it was absolute gold! Not only did it point me in the direction of more primary sources, it also gave me some ideas for the website. Now I am sure our “subtopics” will change, but reading Dr. Whisnant’s book really got me thinking about how I am going to construct the “Locals” section. I am not going to divulge quite yet what I think the new subtopics may be, but I have a few ideas that I hope to play around with in the next couple of days. Our next milestone is October 26th. By this date Liz and I agreed to have a narrative on the Home, Acknowledgments, and About Project pages as well as each of the landing pages for Construction, Locals, and Tourism. We also intended to complete at least one subpage under Construction, Locals, and Tourism done. That being said, we need to figure out our menu and subtopics soon!

While we ponder over our menu we will be visiting the BRP archives again (on Tuesday, I believe) where Jackie has more than enough documents to keep us busy. And in between visits to the archives we have digitized primary sources to explore, the website design to work on, and secondary sources to peruse. So much to do, so little time!

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History, Mystery, and Political Intrigue?

Weede, Fred. Battle for the Blue Ridge Parkway. 1957. Blue Ridge Parkway Archives. Asheville, North Carolina.

The mystery! The political intrigue! A previously hidden history! Fred Weede promised all of this in the foreword of his document (a memoir, perhaps? I am not sure at this time what it is) that provides an insider’s view of the battle between North Carolina and Tennessee for the Parkway. Weede, former Manager of the Asheville Chamber of Commerce, had left files on nearly half a century worth of Asheville and Western North Carolina history, which his successor apparently had destroyed. At this time (I am about 9 pages in) I have not discovered why all of these valuable documents were destroyed, but I found this intriguing! However, upon retiring Weede had taken a few letters with him which were “of such personal nature that I felt their contents should not be available to anyone else, since the writers were still living and might be embarrassed should their correspondences with me be made public.” Again, I have not yet reached the part where Weede reveals the contents of the letters, but I was hooked. Weede indicates these letters will be included in his narrative. What was so sensitive that Weede insisted on waiting until his Correspondences had passed away to reveal the contents of the letters? He also promises to relate all that transpired, “in the open and behind the scenes,” as he was informed of every movement along the way. Apparently, according to the author, at the time he wrote this document there was only one other living individual who knew as much as he did about what transpired in the open and in secret.

Now, did Weede take a more dramatic tone than necessary? Did I simply misinterpret the meaning behind Weede’s foreword? Or will Weede deliver the political excitement and secrecy that he promised? And WHY were all those valuable documents destroyed? I later read that Weede’s successor had them burned. I cannot for the life of me figure out why someone would do this instead of turning it over to an archive. I have yet to learn the answers to all these questions but will surely keep you all updated as I uncover Weede’s truth. At this point it seems like the battle between NC and TN for the Blue Ridge Parkway was rather intense!

For an update on our progress: Yesterday afternoon Liz and I took a trip to the Blue Ridge Parkway Headquarters to meet with Jackie Holt. While we didn’t look at as many actual primary sources, the folks at the BRP gave us plenty of sources on a flash drive! In addition, Jackie gave us a couple of oral histories of individuals who were at the CCC camp in North Carolina. We also had a nice talk with the landscape architect. He knew a bit more about how the Parkway acquired land from locals (hint: in NC the land wasn’t given up voluntarily) and gave us maps of some of the land acquired by the state from individuals for the purpose of the Parkway. It was overall an extremely productive visit. We are going to meet Jackie at the BRP archives tomorrow to possibly get our hands on more sources. In the meantime we have more than enough digital sources to keep us busy. Now that we finally have to opportunity to start digging into primary sources, I am both relieved and intimidated. There’s so much to sort through and interpret, so much information to organize. And then there is the matter of putting it into a form that the public can take in and absorb. I’m sure we will get through it all, so for now I will just focus on interpreting each document in turn.

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One step forward, two steps back

Truman State University does love its research paperwork. This is the main thing I have learned in the past few weeks.

The Good News

We received IRB approval for the initial draft of our project (after we submitted our French draft of the consent form, of course). We also received a $750 research grant to compensate the time it takes to conduct and translate the interviews. Both pieces of news filled me with joy, but we had a bit of a problem…

The Bad News

We decided to rework our project in order to create a final product that was more reflective of the people we were speaking to and more engaging for audiences. We believed filming the interviews would be a fantastic digital tool to include on our project site, because people would actually get to see and hear the stories for themselves. We still stand by this decision. However, this means we will have to drastically revise our IRB application and once again submit it for approval. This has pushed our project timeline back quite significantly, but we feel as though it will be worth it to be able to publish our interviews.

During my time in undergrad, I’ve found that research is never perfectly clean, never cut and dry. Being able to roll with the punches is a valuable skill when it comes to these endeavors. The way I see it, this delay has allowed us to explore some vital contextual materials (both of primary and secondary nature). Beginning this project with a solid background is key in order to help interpret and situate the testimonials we will be receiving. We will also be able to use this time to take a look at the aesthetics of our website, which we haven’t focused on thus far. Sometimes things don’t go as we planned, but we have to make the most out of the situation we’re in. I have high hopes for this project, and a few minor setbacks are inevitable with an undertaking like this.

We’re up for the challenge.

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Project Progress Update – slow but steady wins the race

Wow, what a world of bureaucracy to navigate in academia. Alex & I had submitted and gained approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Truman on October 5. The next day, we decided to change our methodology in order to complement COPLAC’s vision of outward-facing research. So instead of confidentially collecting data, we decided to instead ask for participants’ consent in order to film and publish these interviews online.

The IRB authorities said that we would need to submit a new application.

I understand that the IRB is used to protect everyone; the research participants, the researchers, and the university. However, I don’t understand the reasoning behind so much paperwork to film and publish interviews of people. News stations and outlets like National Public Radio publish oral histories all the time. I’m sure that they obtain written consent from the participants, like Alex & I will do, but collecting oral histories would be so much easier if it were possible to sidestep the IRB process.

Our next deadline is October 20, and the reviewers will meet on October 26. Therefore, we will have to start collecting oral histories later than we would have liked.

In terms of website progression, I am still learning a lot about WordPress. Right now, the foremost challenge is somehow being able to expand the size of the videos our TimelineJS post so that website visitors may view the videos without having to leave the page. There is a currently an option to click on the videos, which allows viewers to watch the videos at a reasonable size on Youtube. However, this leads them to another page. I would prefer that our blog visitors stay on our blog page and get the most out of it rather than getting lost in the sea of endless possibilities that is the internet.

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Poco a Poco

Poco a poco

That is what I have to remind myself as we move forward into our project.  This past week both Joy and I were bogged down with health and personal setbacks so it didn’t feel like we were able to accomplish much toward our weekly goal.  Part of this process is resolving those nagging questions and sorting out information internally.  This week I sat down to gather all the information on Apostolic history and as I was reviewing it there was one piece that I was really struggling with.   In the Apostolic history book, “Marching to Zion”, it names the first Apostolic men to settle in Morris to be Christian Moser, Christian Luthi, and Rudolph Tschudi.  I learned from talking with the local historian, Rueben Luthi, that these men were related, but the connection was never really made clear.   I also discovered from talking to Kevin Wulf about the history of Riverview, that the original founders of or Riverview belonged to the Luthi family.   I knew this was an important piece to our story but could not put it all together.  I decided to some research on Ancestry.com.  What I discovered was very interesting! It turns out that Christian Moser (married to Mary Ann Luthi) and Christian Luthi were brother-in-laws and  Rudolph Tschudi was the son-in-law of Christian Moser.   It is from the patriarchs, Christian Luthi Sr. and Anna Christener of Bern Switzerland that the two major “ranchos” in Stevens County Riverview Dairy and Wulf Cattle can trace their beginnings.  I think it will be helpful to create a “family tree” showing the lineage on our website.   So, that problem was solved/organized in my mind.  However, as I sat back and looked at the full lineage from the main patriarchs of this family, I was struck at the enormity of it all.   Within just three generation there were hundreds of descendants.   Many of the families in linage, even today, are still having families of seven or more children.  The heritage is incredible.  What’s also important to understand is that if you are a member of the Apostolic church you are only allowed to marry other members within the church.  Over time this has created a web of relations.  This week I also spent time creating a spreadsheet and map of the present-day Apostolic followers.  One church in Iowa had nearly 1000 members!  I’m excited to tell this story.  What is especially unique about this story is that its migration continues today and is purposeful.  When we think of migration in our nation we always look at Hispanics and we fail to look at ourselves.  We are not so different.  We have different reasons for migrating.  We have different stories, backgrounds, and cultures, but when it comes right down to it – are we really that different?

 

 

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Factors

Because of an overwhelming week of health issues, personal commitments, and pure exhaustion, our research has taken a back seat this week. Amy and I did make a plan for our website, organize our ideas, and create a new document for us to draft up web content.

I have been looking at the Mexican history portion of our first Prezi for the website, and found that we actually hadn’t compiled any resources for this portion of our research or for the Mexican process of migration. It’s a good thing Amy and I both study Latin American Studies because we really did have a full arsenal of literature. The following paragraph is a draft of some web content that has come from a historical monograph and a lecture from UMM intrum professor Pedro Quijada given in my Latin American Immigration course last year.

Nevitte, Neil. The North American Trajectory: Cultural, Economic, and Political Ties among the United States, Canada and Mexico. Routledge, 2017.

Quijada, Pedro. “Mexican Immigration and The Chicano Movement.” Lecture, Latin American Immigration, University of Minnesota Morris, Morris, Minnesota, February 16, 2016.

Some scholars agree that there have been three large waves of Mexican immigration to the United States. The first being the after the Mexican Revolution. The second wave was after World War two called the Bracero Program which was also a key factor in the sudden growth of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States Southwest. The third wave of Mexican immigration to the United States was after the mid 1960’s at the height of the border industrialization program. 1965 marked the end of the Bracero Program, but Mexican employment on the border hardly decreased. These waves greatly impacted the economic relations between Mexico and the United States and when the North American Free Trade Agreement began in 1994, the blend of the Mexican North, United States South, and their economies became apparent. Over time, as the industries and economies of these countries have converged to be dependent on one another. The geographical proximity, similarities in industry, and a unique economic dependence between Mexico and the United States has made for an interesting history of migration that has impacted individuals and industry even all the way to Minnesota.

 

There are often very simplified explanations of factors that influence the migration of people, goods, and industry that have long term implications on the perceptions of migration across the US, Mexican Border. This example clearly outlines a few of the individual factors that are vital to the migration process, but they omit the resources to begin a discussion on immigration. As noted above, the main influencing factors are environmental, social, economic, and political.

 

Amy and I hope to fill the gap between the omission of images and rhetoric like this by bringing to light to history of Morris and the current experiences of Midwestern immigrants.

 

The Historian Experience

As an individual who chooses to study history I find the discipline the least thing but boring, however, for the many who cringe at the thought of reading what seems like ancient information and repeatedly attempting to memorize dates and names I want to share a bit about the experience Patrick and I had Friday, September 29th and our experiences since. It has highlighted how interactive the study of history can be and how intersectional and interdisciplinary it is. Interdisciplinary here means that studying history also involves the study of other subjects such as sociology and law among others. When I say intersectional here, I refer to Patricia Hill Collins and Sirma Bilge’s definition from their 2016 book Intersectionality:

Intersectionality is a way of understanding and analyzing the complexity in   the world, in people, and in human experiences. The events and conditions of social and political life and the self can seldom be understood as shaped by   one factor. They are generally shaped by many factors in diverse and mutually influencing ways. When it comes to social inequality, people’s lives and the organization of power in a given society are better understood as being shaped by not a single axis of social divisions, be it race or gender or class, but by many axes that work together and influence each other.       Intersectionality as an analytical took gives people better access to      complexity of the world and themselves [1].

The day of our first visit to Newport we discovered magazines, photographs, and newspapers at the Richards Free Memorial Library. Furthur, we talked with several different employees and visitors of the library to learn about Finnish personality and contribution in the town. In one piece I found that the old Sunapee Temperance Hall turned into Sunapee Bedding. That record was from 2003 or 2004.

Our next stop in Newport was Sunapee St. as it had come about in so many of our sources so far as a popular spot for the Finns in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. As we traveled further on up the road Patrick found the address for what was Sunapee Bedding, 239 Sunapee St. We ventured to that spot and found a place called Zuzu’s Sandwich and Gifts. Both Patrick and I thought it would be worth it to go into the shop and ask about the building’s history. What we found was an older woman employee, apparently a fill in, for a fill in, for a fill in, who was able to confirm that the building used to be the Finnish Temperance Hall. It felt like we had uncovered an amazing mystery. She allowed us to explore the building, check out the wooden designs that represented Finnish culture and the stage where the Finns would put on shows for those at the hall. This woman also told us that in the recent past she was a realtor in the local area. From her time as a realtor she had become familiar with Finnish housing, and she even told us about the architecture and peculiar traditions in Finnish houses. Even better, she remembered just where one of these houses had been, and she directed us to it.

Patrick and I were pleased to be able to easily find the Finnish house. We knocked on the door, hoping to be able to take a peek inside and find the cabinets that the Woman from Zuzu’s told us about. In these glass cabinets that existed in almost all Finnish houses in between the dining room and living areas, according to this woman, the Finns would hold their most valuable possessions or interesting trinkets. Unfortunately nobody was home but we did take pictures of the exterior of the home and may research if it was true to Finnish culture, which it looked like it very well might have been.

Needless to say, Patrick and I were excited about what we found that day in Newport, New Hampshire. On our way home we discussed how we could use the cemetery records from the library to locate Finns from photographs or from books in the local cemeteries. We talked about our future plans to revisit the area to dive into the sources we found, retrieve copies, and talk with the library historian who we were informed had ample knowledge of Finnish history in Newport. From our field experience Patrick and I also could discuss many different subjects, such as historical and current politics and social issues.

I am so grateful for my partner now because he willingly took another trip to Newport the next Friday, October 6th, and there he discovered even more about the Finns. He successfully connected with the historian Marylou McGuire. She was able to provide Patrick with names of relevant professors and historians for us to contact. Now, digitally speaking, Patrick and I have to begin to organize the research we have compiled and from there develop a website design that makes sense for our project aim. I have been brainstorming lately about creating a website that incorporates different lesson plans or curriculum for local schools to use as local history lessons on the Finns. It would be a great way to incite more awareness of Finnish migrant history.

[1] Hill Collins, Patricia, and Sirma Bilge. 2016. Intersectionality. pages 2-3.

Project Update

We’ve been working to find some new sources as well as visiting the local cemetery and looking for Irish immigrant graves. It was a bit of a needle in a haystack, but we did well. Next we plan to trace some of the families to see where the came from. We’ve also been doing a lot of behind the scenes work like our COPLAC contract, which is now in it’s second draft. We also have more sources added to our bibliography. I went through the other day and found older photos and sketches of many of the areas mentioned in previous posts. They’ve been loaded into the Google My Map that we are using to keep track of locations and journeys.

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Project Progress

Our project is coming along steadily, we have created a google my maps and timeline to visually show readers the journey that thousands of Irish settlers took from 1840 through 1900.  I created a page on our project site for them entitled Helpful Maps of the Irish Journey which I think looks very visually appealing.   The only problem I can foresee people encountering is the fact that when you try to scroll down the page with the mouse hovering over the google my maps, it just zooms in or out and can make the map look really strange.  It is an easy and quick fix for people to realize that is what is happening but it can also be a bit startling when it happens, I speak from experience.  I am also still working on the name of the page because I am not sure if I want to include Immigrants in it or not yet or just keep it at Irish, I do not want it to sound like we are talking about all Irish citizens but I do not want to refer to them as immigrants too often.

As for sources go we have been finding really great secondary sources but not to many primary sources, which has been kind of frustrating but we are trying really hard to scout them out.   Figuring out how to cite work has been a bit confusing but using the citation machine that Amy suggested in Slack has been very helpful.

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